The symbol ruled 1930s and 1940s thoughts and writing of Israeli Hebrew poetry. In 1934 Avraham Shlonsky published Rough Stones, a book of poems that became the textbook of the symbolistic school of poetry that gathered around him. Nathan Alterman, Yocheved Bat-Miryam, Ezra Zusman, Yakov Orland, Lea Goldberg, Avraham Halfi, Alexander Penn, Yonatan Ratosh and others all wrote, in their own fashion musical symbolistic, precisely styled poetry, centered on the grief of modern existence as a general human stance, abstract, at times also pacifist, being realized in European spaciousness.